Understanding 4 Common Issues Newborns Face and the Importance of Diligent Care

Bringing a newborn into the world is an incredibly exciting time, full of joy and anticipation. According to USA Today, about 10,000 babies are born every day in the US, but not all start out on the healthiest footing. 

This makes it even more crucial for parents to take responsibility for their baby’s health and well-being, especially in those early days. Newborns are particularly vulnerable to a bunch of health issues, and it can be really tough for new parents to figure it all out.

In this article, we will explore four common health issues newborns face and why diligent care from parents is crucial.

Jaundice

Jaundice is a prevalent condition among newborns, marked by yellowing of the skin and eyes caused by increased levels of bilirubin in the bloodstream.  According to BMJ Journals, about 60% of term and 80% of preterm infants experience neonatal jaundice within their first week of life. 

This occurs when a baby’s liver is still developing. The liver may struggle to efficiently process bilirubin, a substance produced during the normal breakdown of red blood cells.

Though the risk of death from jaundice in wealthy countries is very low at about 1 in 100,000 births, it’s still a serious matter. This condition requires attention and proper management to prevent complications. 

Dove Medical Press emphasizes the importance of routinely screening newborns for jaundice during their hospitalization and monitoring them for the risk of severe hyperbilirubinemia. 

Respiratory Issues

Newborns are particularly vulnerable to respiratory problems due to their immature lungs and airways. Conditions such as respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN), and pneumonia are more common, especially in premature babies. 

According to Medscape, approximately 50% of neonates born at 26-28 weeks’ gestation develop RDS. In comparison, less than 30% of those born at 30-31 weeks’ gestation face this condition. Caring for these babies can be incredibly challenging for parents, as it involves numerous critical aspects.

Recognizing signs of respiratory distress, such as rapid breathing, grunting, or flaring nostrils, is essential. Proper positioning, like placing the baby on their back to sleep, can help reduce the risk of breathing difficulties. Prompt medical attention is crucial if any signs of respiratory distress are observed.

Due to the serious nature of these conditions, it is highly recommended that babies with respiratory issues are always under the supervision of DNP pediatrics nurses. 

According to Baylor University, these professionals specialize in newborn care and are trained to handle complex health issues. They provide invaluable support, ensuring that babies receive the best possible care and parents have peace of mind during such a stressful time. These specialized nurses can offer the relief and expertise needed when facing such serious health concerns in newborns.

Infections

Newborns have fragile immune systems, making them more susceptible to infections. Common infections include pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and infections of the skin, eyes, or umbilical cord stump.

Some infections can be much more severe and potentially life-threatening. For example, congenital syphilis, which is transmitted from mother to baby during pregnancy, is on the rise in the United States. Vox magazine recently reported a dramatic increase in congenital syphilis cases in US infants, with over 3,700 cases in 2022. This marks a staggering 1,000 percent rise since 2012.

This alarming trend is linked to reduced condom use and increased transmission among women beginning around 2014. 

Given these risks, it is crucial for parents to take preventative measures to protect their babies from such serious health threats.

Feeding Difficulties

Establishing breastfeeding or managing formula feeding can be challenging for newborns and their parents. Issues such as poor latch, inadequate milk supply, or difficulty swallowing can affect feeding.

Seeking assistance from a lactation consultant or pediatrician can help address breastfeeding issues effectively. Following a feeding schedule that meets the baby’s nutritional needs is essential, along with monitoring their weight gain and ensuring adequate hydration. 

By addressing these challenges proactively, parents can support their baby’s healthy growth and development.

FAQs

What causes hyperbilirubinemia in newborns?

In newborns, hyperbilirubinemia often occurs because their immature livers cannot efficiently process and excrete bilirubin, a byproduct of red blood cell breakdown. This condition, known as physiological jaundice, is common and typically resolves as the liver matures and becomes more effective at handling bilirubin.

Is it safe to use over-the-counter cold medications for babies?

Most over-the-counter cold medications are not recommended for babies under the age of 2 due to potential side effects. These side effects can include drowsiness, increased heart rate, and difficulty breathing. In some cases, these medications can also cause serious health issues like seizures or allergic reactions. 

What is a DNP in Pediatrics?

A Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) in Pediatrics prepares nurses to provide comprehensive care to children from infancy through adolescence. DNPs in Pediatrics are trained to diagnose, treat, and manage the health needs of pediatric patients.

In summary, being a new parent is a journey filled with learning and adaptation, especially when it comes to the health of a newborn. By understanding common newborn health issues and the importance of diligent care, parents can give their babies the best start in life.

Remember, each baby is unique, and seeking advice from healthcare professionals when in doubt is always a wise decision.